言語教育学演習
Introduction †
- Name: Shinichi OGASAWARA
- Age: 23
- Hometown: Matsuyama, Ehime
- Hobby: Cooking, Swimming, Shopping, Reading
Tono Zemi †
Presentation (July 10) †
Analysis of the use of the verb "have" between JEFLL and BNC †
- The collocation patterns of the verb "have" in JEFLL
- THis is the TOP 10 corpus data of "'have' + common noun" from JEFLL.
Word which follows 'have' | Frequency |
breakfast | 1080 |
bread | 712 |
rice | 680 |
money | 102 |
time | 86 |
break | 59 |
lunch | 53 |
school | 41 |
dream | 30 |
food | 18 |
e.g.) I have breakfast every morning.
e.g.) I have money a_little .
e.g.) I often have dream that I escape from something .
- Analysis
- In JEFLL Corpus, students seems to use the verb 'have' with nouns related to daily life.
- Meanings of 'have is 'to possess,' 'to eat' and 'to see.'
- The collocation patterns of the verb "have" in BNC
- Here is a table which shows the frequency of collocations using 'have' .
Words | VHI | VHB | VHD | VHN | VHG | VHZ | Sum |
time | 470 | 195 | 393 | 308 | 0 | 59 | 1425 |
access | 357 | 270 | 138 | 46 | 39 | 130 | 980 |
children | 220 | 139 | 72 | 29 | 99 | 0 | 559 |
difficulty | 164 | 179 | 182 | 53 | 126 | 67 | 771 |
regard | 169 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 268 | 0 | 467 |
problems | 127 | 168 | 96 | 62 | 114 | 63 | 630 |
sex | 122 | 56 | 51 | 43 | 126 | 0 | 398 |
fun | 118 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 132 | 0 | 319 |
power | 106 | 74 | 61 | 0 | 0 | 163 | 404 |
lunch | 91 | 34 | 77 | 0 | 48 | 0 | 250 |
trouble | 73 | 50 | 105 | 62 | 158 | 30 | 478 |
★Sum=VHI+VHB+VHD+VHN+VHG+VHZ
VHI・・・the infinitive form of the verb have: have.
VHB・・・the finite base form of the verb have: have, 've.
VHD・・・the past tense form of the verb have: had, 'd.
VHN・・・the past participle form of the verb have: had.
VHG・・・the -ing form of the verb have: having.
VHZ・・・the -s form of the verb have: has, 's.
e.g.) We don't have time to stand and fight.
e.g.) Participants remote from Henley must have access to a PC and modem as well as adequate library facilities.
e.g.) The court had to have regard to the ascertainable defect in the mentality of the defendant, ...
- Analysis
- From the results from BNC corpus, 'have' is used not only with common nouns but also with abstruct nouns.
- Optional Analysis
- The corpus data of "'have' + nouns + prepositions" from BNC
- I searched the words which follow "'have' + nouns" collocations with BNC corpus. (3 grams)
collocations | VHI | VHB | SUM(VHI+VHB) |
have access to | 310 | 225 | 535 |
have time to | 293 | 83 | 376 |
have regard to | 243 | 24 | 267 |
have difficulty in | 82 | 73 | 155 |
have time for | 63 | 49 | 112 |
e.g.) I think I'd have difficulty in the initial breaking, but then everything else would go Mm.
e.g.) Do we at least have time for a… coffee?
e.g.) These lessons and recommendations clearly have implications for all nuclear power systems, and for PWRs in particular.
- Analysis
- Collocations of "'have' + nouns" are often used with prepositions such as 'to', 'in', 'for' and so on according to BNC corpus.
- The comparison between JEFLL and BNC
- I can find that students in Jaapan tend to use 'have' with common nouns
- In England, 'have' is used not only with common nouns but also with abstruct nouns.
- From these data, The usage of 'have' colloations in Japan is different from that in England.