[[FrontPage]] Ovid Tzeng Distinguished Research Fellow, Academia Sinica -development of cognitive neuroscience --MRI units for humanities -Memory research --words or characters in experiments --all the studies used English alphabets ---Awareness of other writing system -discovery of oracle writings -Greek scholars -Callimachus 8305 BC) --poet, index system for the library -Philates --first dictionary -Britanicca --no more exist?? -MIND --long-term memory ---language, episodic memory, visual semantics --central executive ---phonological loop, episodic buffer, visuospatial sketchpad ---grapho-motorical processing is also necessary -language --phonology, semantics, syntax, orthography -information in the prints --affordance thoery of scriptal stability --- --orthographic equilibrium hypothesis ---how transparent --morphological & contextual information -BRAIN --Cerebellum ---size comparable to the body size in other animals ---in the case of human, this does not apply -Equipment --MRI --MEG --TMS --ERP ---NI ---N1: early sensory component ---P200: detection and analysis of higher-level visual features, guided by attention ---N400: elicited by any meaningful items, related to understanding --Eye Tracker --Eye Tracker + ERP -Reading processes --graphic: Y --phonetic: Y --morphological: Y --orthographic: Y --associative or semantic: not sure --bidirectional: -use of the components of Chinese characters (radicals or main parts) --phonogram reading ---priming effects will occur -Visual word form area -Chinese character processing --word reading --frequency effects -Young learners do not write much --so they make many errors in writing Chinese characters